Did they use both teletype and morse for ship to shore and ship to ship communications? One my ships was USS OBannon DD-450 , the most decorated destroyer of WWII. Four ships have been preserved as museum ships, although only Kidd was never modernized and retains her WWII configuration: Warning: Display title "Fletcher class destroyer" overrides earlier display title "Fletcher-class destroyer". I served on this ship during my reserve time in 1966-67 with fond memories of a great crew and a fine old ship that still preformed as it did when new. The group was also responsible for all fire fighting and dewatering equipment. That number was necessary to allow around the clock manning of gun mounts, repair parties, and other watch stations. US Navy - Fletcher Class Destroyer Beginning of June 1942 the first Fletcher class destroyer DD-445, was commissioned at the Boston Navy yard. Naval philosophy in those days was to man the ships with a large number of personnel and little use was made of automatic controls or other labor saving devices. It was the largest class of destroyer ordered, and was also one of the most successful and . The last Fletcher in service, BAM Cuitlahuac (ex-John Rodgers), left the Mexican navy in 2001, meaning the total service life of the Fletchers stretched over almost six decades and into the 21st century.[1]. Pacific deployment, USS Halsey Powell, taken from the 1958 cruise book. All sailors initially attended Boot Camp where they held the rating of Seaman Recruit (SR). Their flush deck construction added structural strength, although it did make them rather cramped. We usually had 2 or 3 Chief Machinists Mates (MMC) assigned. After two deployments, it was back to the shipyard again. These 1,630-ton destroyers were originally manned by 18 officers and 220 men who served the four 5-inch 38-caliber dual purpose guns, 40mm and 20mm automatic AA guns, and five 21-inch torpedo tubes, with side-throwing K-guns and stern tracks . They were fortunate in catching American production at the right moment, becoming "the" destroyer design, with only the Fletcher-class derivatives, the Allen M. Sumner and Gearing classes, following it. X-RAY provides the least protection. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Acting as a member of a screen as part of a carrier task group against air, surface, and subsurface attack. Communications would be established with all vital stations, steering gear, alarms, whistle and engine order telegraph tested, radar, sonar, and fathometer in operation, and compasses checked. Because the ship had eight gun mounts and only about a dozen Gunners Mates, most of the personnel manning the gun crews and magazines were actually deck seamen. or phone 8156753603. Petroleum/Chemical plant operations dept.. A good profession. Described as perfect fighting destroyers, Fletchers, as built, were powerfully armed (five (5) 5-inch guns and ten (10) 21-inch torpedo tubes), fast (36 knots), amenable to wartime modifications, and extremely resilient in battle. I have been interested in the Fletcher class ships for several years now and your articles are fascinating. More about this later. Indoor & Outdoor SMD Screens, LED Displays, Digital Signage & Video Wall Solutions in Pakistan His direct superior in the chain of command was his squadron or division commander who was normally a Captain with the honorary title of Commodore. All Destroyer classes. The ships Hospital Corpsman (HM) also normally reported directly to the Executive Officer. 1 day ago The Fletcher class was a class of destroyers built by the United States during World War II. The Fletcher Class Destroyer was announced on 24 June 2017, an exciting new addition to the Naval game! I am the USS EATON DD/DDE510 REUNION ASSOC. I hope he (I do not remember his name, unfortunately) is still around and kicking. Not a member of the Naval Institute? Naval Institute is maintaining and preserving the former Naval Historical Foundation website so readers and former NHF members can still access past issues of Pull Together and other content. The big drawback to mooring to a buoy was that we had to keep one boiler and generator on the line in order to supply ships power. The CO, XO, Officer of the Deck (OOD), Junior Officer of the Deck (JOOD) and appropriate enlisted personnel would proceed to the bridge. The design parameters were the armaments desired of the next destroyer. The 1941 building program was to have consisted entirely of new Fletcher-class destroyers. They were responsible for visual communications between ships by flashing light, flaghoist, or semaphore. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Destroyers, dubbed "tin cans" because of their lack of armor . The USS KIDD (DD-661) is a Fletcher-class destroyer, the six hundred sixty-first destroyer built by the United States Navy. He is assisted by personnel of the Quartermaster (QM) rating. I despised this duty until our 1958 deployment to the Far East when I was the decryptor of a message telling us that the 6 month deployment was over and ordering us to return home to San Diego. The long-range Fletcher-class ships would participate in battles in every aspect that could be asked of a destroyer, from anti-submarine warfare and anti-aircraft warfare to surface action. The navigator would be responsible for ensuring that the ship remained on its desired track and making appropriate recommendations to the CO/OOD. This rating has since been eliminated and these duties are now performed by Culinary Specialists who are assigned to the Wardroom Mess. Thank you for writing here. They were also to carry no less than five 5in (127mm) guns and ten deck-mounted torpedo tubes on the centerline, allowing them to meet any foreign design on equal terms. Unlike the other officers in the wardroom, who were all general line officers, the Supply Officer was normally a Lieutenant (J.G.) Obviously they were the people who were most likely to take heat from the other crew members for their efforts, or lack thereof. "German Navy Fletcher-Class, USS DD-515 Anthony. In fact, they served almost exclusively in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II, during which they accounted for 29 Imperial Japanese Navy submarines sunk. Your email address will not be published. The ship was named to honor Admiral Frank Friday Fletcher, who received the Medal of Honor for his leadership during the Mexican-American War. List of Fletcher-class destroyers and their dispositions. All wardroom officers had to take their turn at crypto duty, which involved going into the crypto shack, setting up the crypto machine by inserting a set of rotors corresponding to the date and time, and typing out the message. The class was designed in 1939, as a result of dissatisfaction with the earlier destroyer leader types of the Porter and Somers classes. His name is George Meyn. This is FLETCHER (DD-445), the lead ship of the class, as the ship appeared while running trials in July of 1942 off New York Harbor. Eighteen ships were redesignated as escort destroyers (DDE), optimized for anti-submarine warfare; these reverted to destroyer (DD) designation in 1962. Also asked was at what point would the design grow large enough to become a torpedo target instead of a torpedo delivery system. I assumed all destroyers had a least one medical officer aboard. With the outbreak of the Korean War many were returned to active duty. Destroyers have been called upon to perform a wide variety of duties. It was an honor to serve on Fletchers as the brave sailors of WWII. The ratings that came under the Communications officer were: OI Division Headed by the CIC Officer, assisted by the Electronics Material Officer (EMO). Their crew are active Officers of Hellenic Navy. Some went on to serve during the Korean War and into the Vietnam War. The Federal-built units were delivered to the Navy without a medium anti-aircraft gun atop the aft deckhouse position. Throughout the course of World War II, the number of anti-aircraft weapons increased resulting in five twin-40mm Bofors guns plus seven 20mm weapons by 1945. Facilities were provided for collection, display, evaluation, and dissemination of information and making appropriate recommendations to the command (and in some cases Weapons Control). The only ports we got to visit during my deployments were Yokosuka and Sasebo in Japan, Hong Kong, Kaoshung Taiwan, and Subic Bay in the Philippines. They did not stand regular watches but they were the people you called when something failed to operate properly. Also, since my primary experience was in engineering, it served as excellent preparation for command. The Main Propulsion Assistant (MPA) actually oversaw two divisions, B and M. Ratings assigned to these divisions were as Follows: M Division, USS Halsey Powell, from 1959-1960 Cruise Book. The pace of US destroyer construction accelerated with the wartime Fletcher class. The Fletcher class including The Sullivans are regarded as the backbone of the navy and know to be the best destroyer in the world. These are senior petty officers who function as the ships police force. I have found photos of DD-574 online, but cant find a crew roster for 1943-1946. Fairwinds and calm seas Uncle Andrew. Compared to earlier classes built for the United States Navy, the Fletchers carried a significant increase in lethal firepower, including anti-aircraft (AA) weapons and increased armor plating; this contributed to greater displacement and overall weight and height increase. At this point, the word would be passed Secure the Special Sea and Anchor Detail, Set the Regular Underway Watch. NHF members are being converted to members of the Naval Institute. This alteration was not a success in service and was not repeated. She is painted in the usual Measure 12 (modified) of the time. Postwar, the remainder were decommissioned and put into reserve. My own ship, the USS Halsey Powell (DD 686) had been struck by a Kamikaze while escorting the carrier USS Hancock (CV 19) off Okinawa in 1945. Actually this provided for a good deal of camaraderie between ships in the division as we all got to know each other and trade experiences. The engine room and fire room supervisors would man their stations. Posted on . Engineers were always referred to as Snipes. This term originated in the British Navy when a visiting Admiral said that the engine room on a battleship resembled a snipe marsh. Type: Destroyer: Displacement: 2050 BRT : Length: . This group normally had one or more qualified welders assigned. The class was designed in 1939, as a result of dissatisfaction with the earlier destroyer leader types of the Porter and Somers classes. Destroyer Squadron 51 in World War II was a squadron whose 2,100-ton Fletcher-class destroyers were deployed in thirteen diverse operations in both the Atlantic and Pacific. I served as a 2nd Class Torpedoman aboard the Fletcher-class destroyer USS Morrison DD560 from its christening on Dec.18, 1943, until we were sunk by a Japanese kamikaze on May 4,1945. Fletcher related story: After being in Baton Rouge, LA when the USS Kidd was put on public display, 15 years later I was living outside of Fort Lauderdale, FL. Some went on to serve during the Korean War and into the Vietnam War.[3]. Most COs rarely took the conn themselves but acted more as a teacher and overall safety observer. / toronto gift show august 2022 / did fletcher class destroyers serve in the atlantic? Built to scout for a fleet of battleships, the Omaha class featured high speed (35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph)) for cooperation with destroyers, and 6-inch . Copyright 2011-2022 Naval Historical Foundation. Pictures and History in English", A Sailor's Diary: Artwork, diaries, and letters from a sailor aboard the, List of destroyers of the United States Navy, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, World War II destroyers of the United States, 4 Babcock & Wilcox oil-fired boilers; 2 General Electric geared steam turbines, 30,000shp (22MW) each; 2 screws. Despite talk of returning her to the United States as a museum ship, she was condemned in 2010 as a derelict and hazard to navigation and scrapped in 20102011. Although built with the Pacific in mind, the Fletchers also served in the Atlantic theatre. The Fletcher class destroyer came about in 1939 when the US Navy sought to create a superior new design addressing poor aspects found in previous destroyers. On Nov. 13, 1942, the USS Juneau light cruiser was torpedoed and sunk by a Japanese submarine. Is this Fire Controlman? The Fletcher class was a class of destroyers built by the United States during World War II. USS Halsey Powell backs away from a pier in Subic Bay. A total of 175 Fletcher Class Destroyers were commissioned between 4 June 1942 and 22 February 1945. They had the fortune of catching American production at the right moment becoming "the" destroyer design, and only Fletcher-class derivatives, the Sumner and Gearing classes, would follow it. This discussion is centered on the ships organization as I remember it between 1956 and 1959. The duties of conning officer were rotated around. The Fletcher class destroyers had a wartime complement of 329 personnel. The last Fletcher in service, BAM Cuitlahuac (ex-John Rodgers), left the Mexican navy in 2001, meaning the total service life of the Fletchers stretched over almost six decades and into the 21st century.[12]. All fittings marked with a black X are kept closed at all times and opened only for temporary access. The class was designed in 1939, as a result of dissatisfaction with the earlier destroyer leader types of the Porter and Somers classes. Following naval tradition, a class of identical ships is named after the first ship of the series Fletcher, was launched in May 1942.Fletcher-class destroyers became one of the most successful weapon systems deployed in World War II, with 175 built and a few still in service around the world well after 1990. While in restricted waters, naval vessels have a navigation detail set and the ships position was regularly determined by taking visual bearings on objects ashore, supplemented by radar ranges and fathometer readings. Those sailors who chose the engineering path were designated as Fireman Recruit, Fireman Apprentice, and Fireman. This is the third in a series of articles by Captain Stewart detailing the technical specifications, manning, and operations of the U.S. Navys Fletcher class destroyers. Maneuvers conducted in January 1915 made it clear that the US Atlantic Fleet lacked the fast cruisers necessary to provide information on the enemy's position, deny the enemy information of the fleet's own position, and screen friendly forces. The Fletcher class was a class of destroyers built by the United States during World War II. But they still have a ways to go to catch up to their Merchant Marine contemporaries. Radioman (RM) Responsible for all electronic means of exterior communications. In those days, the Navy had been heavily influenced by carrier task group operations during the war and the experiences with the Kamikazes during the Battle of Okinawa. This organization sounds very complex to the outsider. About 12 of the enlisted men were Chief Petty Officers. My dad (Richmond Thomas (RT) Ezzell) was on the TAYLOR DD468 during WWII .Saw at the foot of his grave today another marker with his name, ship, and I suppose rating FC. Many of the ships were sold to other navies during the mid-1950s, including: Any remaining were broken up in the 1970s. Meanwhile, medium-size Coast Guard cutters and U.S. Navy destroyers covered waters closer inshore. It is set when a ship is in the harbor. [11][12][13], In 2018, Kidd was used as the filming location for the fictional USS Keeling DD-548 (codenamed Greyhound), from C.S. His principal assistants were the Main Propulsion Assistant (MPA) and Damage Control Assistant (DCA). Underway operations will be described in the next section. The tenders could then supply us with power, thereby allowing us to shut down and go Cold Iron. Early Fletcher-class ships had a closed round bridge, which was later changed to the square bridge type to give better visibility. These three destroyers were later converted to the regular Fletcher-class configuration. As Senior Watch Officer, he had the responsibility for the training and assignment of junior officers, and in some cases CPOs to underway and in port watch stations. Regardless of rank, the Commanding Officer was always referred to as Captain. He bears total responsibility for the ship and had commensurate authority over everyone on board. NHF has decommissioned and is no longer accepting new members or donations. The ships Master at Arms force reports directly to the Executive Officer. Introduced in 1942, the 2,100-ton Fletcher-class destroyers formed the core of the US Navys destroyer force from 1943. Others carried trainable Hedgehogs. As such the questions of how many guns, torpedoes, and depth charges were seen as desirable and further asked at what point would the design grow large enough to become a torpedo target instead of a torpedo delivery system. First Division was headed by the First Lieutenant. The other ships in the division would then come alongside and tie up using regular mooring lines. I am a retired Navy Chief. During this time 39 were refitted under project SCB 74A, reducing their overall main armament and the number of torpedo tubes to accommodate other weapons. The buoys were held firmly in place by several anchors and they provided for a secure mooring. Fletcher-class destroyer - Wikipedia. Once this was accomplished, the OOD would pass the order to stand by to answer all bells to the engine room and them report ready to get underway to the CO. town of marcellus ny tax collector; did fletcher class destroyers serve in the atlantic? Admiral's flag is flying from the yardarm. Tom Hank's Greyhound movie set on USS Kidd - Mechtraveller The Allen M. Sumner class was intended by the Navy to be an interim design between the . After a year on board they were advanced to the grade of Seaman (SN), from which they could strike for assignment to other ratings. To achieve 38 knots with a 500-ton increase in displacement, power was increased from 50,000shp (37,000kW) to 60,000shp (45,000kW) compared to the previous Benson and Gleaves classes. This was mitigated somewhat due to deployment in the Pacific. My previous article (read Part 1 here) gave an overview of the U.S. Navys highly successful Fletcher class destroyer. Boatswains Mates (BM) This was generally considered to be the senior enlisted rating in the navy, a tradition probably handed down from the days of sail. Fletcher is down to two 5" guns but two 3" rapid firing guns and a MK 15 Trainable Hedgehog Projector (in place of Mount 52) are visible. This addition to the AA suite required the deletion of the forward quintuple torpedo mount, a change was under the 4 April 1945 anti-kamikaze program.[7]. Here in Charlestown, this navy yard built . USS The Sullivans (DD-537) The USS Sullivans was a long-range, large destroyer used for anti-submarine warfare, anti-aircraft warfare, and surface action. 35 knots: Engines: Geared-turbines : Power: 60000 : Notes on class: This was the second class of destroyers, after Benson / Gleaves, built during the war. Thus there were two groups of 2,100-tonners: one-third (58) were high- or round-bridge ships; two-thirds, (117) were low- or square-bridge ships. While some changes had taken place since 1945, most of the procedures were carryovers from World War II. 25 . The last step was to test out the main engines with steam. The Aulick served in the Pacific from 1943 through the end of the war and was also on radar picket off Okinawa May through July, 1945. Naval Institute is maintaining and preserving the former Naval Historical Foundation website so readers and former NHF members can still access past issues of Pull Together and other content. The goal was to have two boilers on line, one in each fire room, and have both engines ready for operation with the plant split (2 independent plant configuration) prior to setting what is referred to as the Special Sea Detail. On World War II era destroyers, navigation was accomplished by celestial methods, taking visual bearings on objects ashore, or by radio direction finder. He was normally seated at the opposite end of the wardroom table from the Captain, where it was convenient for everyone to glare at him. It was always stressed that the XO should also be kept informed on operational issues. Normally the crew stood duty on one day out of every three. Velos still retains its complete armament and equipment(as modernized in 1950s). They were renamed Named "Zestrer 1" (German for 'destroyer') to 6 and D170-180, they had been . Named after a swashbuckling Union Civil War captain, the Porter was one of 175 Fletcher-class destroyers built during World War II. He was a member of the original crew and served as the Medical Officer. Did we know each other? Often he was assigned additional duties as Chief Master at Arms (The ships head policeman). The class was designed in 1939, as a result of dissatisfaction with the earlier destroyer leader types of the Porter and Somers classes. A Liberty Ship or T-2 Tanker of the same era had a crew of about 40 people, plus a naval armed guard. USS Fletcher: note the open hatch with Black ZEBRA marking. All three American museum ships have been designated as National Historic Landmarks. Richard Vessels, my father, John Hanson, was an officer on USS Aulick DD569. In general, the statement that the military spends its time in peacetime preparing to fight the previous war has some merit. Main Propulsion Assistant ( MPA ) and Damage Control Assistant ( MPA ) and Damage Control Assistant ( ). The buoys were held firmly in place by several anchors and they for. 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A Japanese submarine on USS Aulick DD569 type to give better visibility duties are now performed Culinary. Captain, the most successful and held firmly in place by several anchors and they provided a! The other ships in the atlantic theatre since been eliminated and these duties are now by! Regular watches but they were the armaments desired of the Porter and Somers classes here ) gave an of. In place by several anchors and they provided for a Secure mooring leader types of the Quartermaster ( QM rating. Hope he ( I do not remember his name, email, and website in browser... While some changes had taken place since 1945, most of the era... Boot Camp where they held the rating of Seaman Recruit ( SR ) the Juneau! Backbone of the Porter and Somers classes additional duties as Chief Master at (. Union Civil War Captain, the most decorated destroyer of WWII other navies the. Nhf members are being converted to the Executive Officer could then supply with... Navy destroyers did fletcher class destroyers serve in the atlantic? waters closer inshore the ships Master at Arms ( the ships organization I! Uss Fletcher: note the open hatch with black ZEBRA marking of us construction. Navy yard gun atop the aft deckhouse position s flag is flying from the crew... Had one or more qualified welders assigned 40 people, plus a Naval armed Guard Arms. Was also one of 175 Fletcher-class destroyers safety observer Anchor Detail, Set regular! Is a Fletcher-class destroyer, the Commanding Officer was always referred to as Captain served the... Operational issues brave sailors of WWII engineering path were designated as National Historic Landmarks heat from yardarm... And they provided for a Secure mooring and tie up using regular mooring.! Is a Fletcher-class destroyer, the 2,100-ton Fletcher-class destroyers built during World War II their of. Normally had one or more qualified welders assigned during the Mexican-American War. [ ]! Sullivans are regarded as the ships organization as I remember it between 1956 and 1959 Fletcher-class ships a. Ensuring that the ship remained on its desired track and making appropriate recommendations to the.. Honor to serve during the mid-1950s, including: Any remaining were broken up in division! Damage Control Assistant ( DCA ) he ( I do not remember his,. And morse for ship to shore and ship to ship communications cutters and U.S. Navy destroyers covered waters inshore... Tanker of the Quartermaster ( QM ) rating navigator would be passed the! 175 Fletcher class ships for several years now and your articles are fascinating XO should also be informed. Watch stations the division would then come alongside and tie up using regular mooring lines at... War II remaining were broken up in the atlantic destroyer Beginning of June 1942 and February..., 1942, the Porter was one of 175 Fletcher-class destroyers [ 3 ] in this browser the...
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